IZA - All published DPs

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No. Author(s) Title JEL Class.
18222 Baris Yörük
Does Local Diversity Affect Charitable Giving?
How does diversity affect charitable giving? On the one hand, diversity can lead to increased charitable giving, as individuals may feel more connected to and invested in their community when they ...
(Published in: Journal of Experimental and Behavioral Economics, 2025, 119, 102467)
J10, J18, H30
18211 Wiemer Salverda
Joop Hartog
The Labor Market in the Netherlands 2001–2024: The Long Demise of a Centralized Model
The Netherlands has long been an example of a highly and centrally institutionalized labor market paying considerable attention to equity concerns. We describe how this model has been falling apart ...
(shortened version published as 'The Labor Market in the Netherlands 2001–2024' in: IZA World of Labor, 2025)
J21, J31, J61
18210 Arnaud Natal
Christophe Jalil Nordman
A Change Is Gonna Come: Universality, Stability, and Shocks in Personality Traits in Rural India
Taking the case of rural South India, we explore the universality of the Big Five personality traits and their stability over time. We then investigate the effects of two exogenous shocks on trait ...
(forthcoming in: The Journal of Development Studies, 2025)
D91, G51, 012
18204 Jörn Block
Miriam Gnad
Alexander S. Kritikos
Caroline Stiel
Decline in Job Satisfaction and How It Relates to Investment Decisions of the Self-Employed
Despite substantial research on job satisfaction in self-employment, we know little about the consequences for the venture when job satisfaction declines after an external shock. Taking the pandemic ...
(published in: Applied Psychology, 2025, 74 (6), e70039)
L26, J28, G11
18198 Keisuke Kawata
Mizuki Komura
Only-Child Matching Penalty in the Marriage Market
This study explores the marriage matching of only-child individuals and the related outcomes. Specifically, we analyze two aspects: First, we investigate the marriage patterns of only children, ...
(forthcoming in: Journal of Demographic Economics, 2025)
J11, J12, J16
18162 Cesar Barreto
Christian Merkl
Ex Ante Heterogeneity, Separations, and Labor Market Dynamics
Our paper documents the importance of ex ante worker heterogeneity for labor market dynamics and for the composition of the unemployment pool over the business cycle. In recessions, the unemployment ...
(published in: Journal of Monetary Economics, 2025, 156, 103845)
E24, J16, J31
18150 Linlin Da
Zhezheng Jin
Qianhui Xu
Lisa M. Renzi-Hammond
Zhuo Chen
M. Mahmud Khan
Janani Rajbhandari-Thapa
Xi Chen
Bei Wu
Suhang Song
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Participation and Cognitive Decline Among Older Americans
This study examines how SNAP participation may affect age-related cognitive decline among cognitively intact older adults over 10 years. Leveraging a longitudinal survey of SNAP-eligible participants ...
(published online in: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 25 September 2025)
H53, I38, J14, I18, H75
18146 Jan Stuhler
Multigenerational Inequality
A growing literature provides evidence on multigenerational inequality – the extent to which socio-economic advantages persist across three or more generations. This chapter reviews its main findings ...
(published in Research Handbook on Intergenerational Inequality, 2024)
J62, J12
18120 Andriana Bellou
Emanuela Cardia
Joshua Lewis
From Bust to Boom: The Great Depression and Women's Fertility
The United States experienced dramatic swings in fertility over the course of the early- and mid-20th century. This paper presents a novel explanation for these changes, linking the Great Depression ...
(this paper supersedes the work in ‘Baby-Boom, Baby-Bust and the Great Depression’ (IZA Working Paper #8727) by Andriana Bellou and Emanuela Cardia)
None
18118 Jingyi Ai
Xi Chen
Jin Feng
Yufei Xie
Early Effects of Cognitive-Impairment Friendly Community on Health Care Utilization in China: Evidence from Administrative Data
The study examines the early effects of cognitive-impairment (CI) friendly communities on health care utilization among older adults in Shanghai, China. By exploiting the rollout of CI-friendly ...
(published in: Social Science & Medicine, 2025, 385, 118570)
I18, J14, I11
18111 Michael R. Strain
The Economic Benefits of a Strong US Military, Forward Presence, & International Alliances
When considering the benefits of a strong United States military, it is natural to think of the military’s crucial role in protecting Americans from foreign adversaries and providing security and ...
(forthcoming in: Mackenzie Eaglen (ed.), Affording Defense: Investing in American Strength to Confront a More Dangerous World)
F52, F53, H56
18104 Tianli Yang
Zhong Zhao
Long-Term Care Insurance Policy and Development of Elderly Care Enterprises in China
This paper examines the impact of Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) policy on the development of elderly care enterprises in China. Employing a policy shock and a difference-in-differences design, we ...
(published online in: China Economic Review, 22 September 2025, 102564)
H55, I28, J14, J26
18100 Kaushalendra Kumar
Ashish Singh
Santosh Kumar Gautam
Abhishek Singh
Calorie Consumption and Wages: Evidence from India’s Labor Market
Using nationally representative data from India, this study estimates the effect of calorie intake on wages. To account for endogeneity and heterogeneity, we apply Instrumental Variable and ...
(published in: Economic Modelling, 2025, 152, 107279)
I14, I15, J24, J31, O15
18076 Armando N. Meier
Jonathan Levav
Stephan Meier
Liora G. Avnaim
Early Release via Parole and Recidivism
Does early release decrease or increase the probability that ex-convicts will return to prison? We exploit unique data from Israeli courts, where appearance before the judge throughout the day has an ...
(this paper presents an update of the former IZA Discussion Paper No. 13035, titled 'Early Release and Recidivism')
D9, K14, K40
18074 Yafei Si
Yurun Meng
Xi Chen
Ruopeng An
Limin Mao
Bingqin Li
Hazel Bateman
Han Zhang
Hongbin Fan
Jiaqi Zu
Shaoqing Gong
Zhongliang Zhou
Yudong Miao
Quality, Safety, and Disparities of AI Chatbots in Managing Chronic Diseases: Experimental Evidence
The rapid development of AI solutions reveals opportunities to address the underdiagnosis and poor management of chronic conditions in developing settings. Using the method of simulated patients and ...
(published online in: npj Digital Medicine, 25 September 2025)
C0, I10, I11, C90, C93
18067 Kelvin Seah
Jessica Pan
Poh Lin Tan
Depth or Diversity? Examining the Longer Run Impacts of College Curriculum Breadth
Existing research suggests that broad versus specialized university curricula does not significantly lead to differences in earnings and unemployment outcomes shortly after graduation. This paper ...
(published in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2025, 238, 107212)
I21, J31
18045 Oded Stark
Grzegorz Kosiorowski
A Demarcation of the Gini Coefficient
We specify the domain in the income distribution that includes the people to whom income transfers will not increase inequality in that income distribution. Inspired by Sen’s (1973, 1997) ...
(published as 'A foray into the demarcation of the Gini coefficient' in: Economics Letters, 2025, 254, 112405)
C43, D31, D63, H11, H53, I31, I38, P46
18041 Frédéric Docquier
Stefano Iandolo
Hillel Rapoport
Riccardo Turati
Gonzague Vannoorenberghe
Populism and the Skill-Content of Globalization
We propose new ways to measure populism, using the Manifesto Project Database (1960-2019) as main source of data. We characterize the evolution of populism over 60 years and show empirically that it ...
(Conditionally accepted at: The Economic Journal)
D72, F22, F52, J61, P00
18025 Ryuichi Tanaka
Tong Wang
How Do Classmates Matter for the Class-Size Effects?
This paper investigates the effect of class-size reduction on students’ academic outcomes, with a particular emphasis on its heterogeneity based on classmates’ characteristics. We estimate the causal ...
(published in: Economics of Education Review, vol.108, Article 102689, October (2025))
J13, J18, N35
18023 Dylan A. Cooper
Tony Fang
Vincent Wan
Employee Ownership and Promotive Voice: The Roles of Psychological Ownership and Perceived Alignment of Interests
Using a National Bureau of Economic Research dataset of employees of 14 United States companies with shared capitalism practices, we compare two prominent explanations of employee ownership’s ...
(published online in: Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 24 June 2025)
J33, J54, J24, J26, J28
18022 Daniel S. Hamermesh
Michal Myck
The Time Cost of a Disability
We consider how a physical disability alters patterns of time use. A disability may raise the time cost of all activities; of some—making them differentially less worth doing; or it may make ...
(published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2025, 104, 103079)
J14, I10, D13
18020 Tony Fang
Morley Gunderson
John Hartley
Graham King
Hui Ming
Determinants and Effects of Remote Work Arrangements: Evidence from an Employer Survey
Remote work arrangements are compelling examples of an organization’s ability to utilize digital technology. This study analyzes data from a representative survey of Atlantic Canadian employers to ...
(forthcoming in: Asia-Pacific Journal of Human Resource Management, 2025.)
J22, J24, J28
18012 Hanna Onerva Pesola
Matti Sarvimäki
Tuomo Virkola
Paths to Integration: Earnings, Skill Investments, and Outmigration Across Immigrant Admission Categories
We document substantial heterogeneity in labor market integration, skill investments, and outmigration across immigrant admission categories. Using newly available data on residence permits in ...
(published in: Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 2025, 127 (4), 742-764)
J61, J31, F22
18001 Francisca M. Antman
Evelyn Skoy
Nicholas E. Flores
Can Better Information Reduce College Gender Gaps? The Impact of Relative Grade Signals on Academic Outcomes for Students in Introductory Economics
This paper considers the impacts of grades and information on gender gaps in college major and college dropout rates at a large public flagship university. Observational and experimental results ...
(forthcoming in: Southern Economic Journal)
I23, I24, J16
17986 Bin Huang
Massimiliano Tani
Lei Xu
Yu Zhu
Does College Education Make Women Less Likely to Marry? Evidence from the Chinese Higher education Expansion
We study the impact of higher education (HE) on marriage incidence in China using the 2017 China Household Finance Survey. Taking advantage of the dramatic HE expansion starting in 1999, we explore ...
(published in Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 2025, 118, 102433. )
I23, J12
17985 Christos Mavrovitis (Mavis)
Sarmistha Pal
Can Politics Tame the Market? Market Responses to Government Control of Fully and Partially Privatized Firms in China
This study examines factors influencing full (FP) versus partial (PP) privatization and how markets respond to government control in PP and FP firms. Exploiting China’s 2005 NTS reform as a natural ...
(forthcoming in: European Financial Management Journal)
G31, G38, L33
17961 Xin Zhang
Xi Chen
Hong Sun
Yuanjian Yang
Blowin’ in the Wind: Smog and Suicidal Ideation among School-Age Children
This paper attempts to provide one of the first population-based causal estimates of the effect of air pollution on suicidal ideation—a key precursor to suicide attempt and completion—among ...
(published in: China Economic Review, 2025, 93, 102478)
I31, Q51, Q53
17955 Ridha Nouira
Leila Ben Salem
Sami Saafi
Christophe Rault
Renewable Energy Consumption and International Trade: Does Climate Policy Stringency Matter?
This study explores the link between renewable energy consumption and international trade, with a focus on climate policy. We argue that this relationship is nonlinear and shaped by threshold ...
(revised version published in: Energy Policy, 2025, 206, 114728)
C5, F1, Q4, Q5
17947 Giorgio Brunello
Francesco Campo
Elisabetta Lodigiani
Martina Miotto
Lorenzo Rocco
Intended College Major Choice and the Inheritance of Majors
Using Italian data, we study whether their intended choice of college major is affected by the college major selected by family members. We find evidence of strong inter-generational persistence, ...
(published in: Economics Letters, 2025, 255, 112558)
I21
17944 Angus J. Holford
Sonkurt Sen
Racial Representation among Academics and Students’ Academic and Labor Market Outcomes
We study the impact of racial representation among academic staff on university students’ academic and labor market outcomes. We use administrative data on the universe of staff and students at all ...
(published in: Labour Economics, 2025, 96, 102745)
I23, I26, J15, J24
17943 Herwig Immervoll
Felizia Pasteiner
Weathering the Storms? Minimum-Income Benefits as a Crisis Response
Economic crises produce rapid and sizable shifts in the demand for social support. Means-tested cash transfers, such as 'social assistance' programmes and related minimum-income benefits (MIB) ...
(also available in: OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers series)
H53, H31, D31, I38, H12, E66
17938 Eleanor J. Choi
Jisoo Hwang
Hyelim Son
The Effects of Exposure to a Large-Scale Recession on Higher Education and Early Labor Market Outcomes
This study examines the effects of timing of exposure to the Asian financial crisis on higher education and early labor market outcomes. We estimate a generalized difference-in-differences model ...
(forthcoming in: Journal of Human Resources)
E32, I21, J24
17934 Joan Costa-Font
Anna Nicinska
Melcior Rossello Roig
The Inequality and Mobility of Exposure to European Soviet Communism
We compare inequality and social mobility trends in European countries exposed to Soviet Communist (SC) regimes with those not exposed, using similar welfare measures. We draw upon a rich ...
(published online in: Journal of Comparative Economics, 28 August 2025)
I14, H53, I13, I38, N34, P20, P29, P36, P46
17915 Younghwan Song
COVID-19 and Subjective Well-Being in the United States: Age Matters
Although the COVID-19 pandemic has affected everyone’s life, the risk of hospitalization and death from COVID-19 increases exponentially with age. Using data from the 2013 and 2021 American Time Use ...
(published in: Journal of Happiness Studies, 2025, 26, 84 (2025))
I10, I31, J14
17907 Santiago Budría
Alejandro Betancourt-Odio
Marlene Fonseca
Resilience in the Wake of Disaster: The Role of Social Capital in Mitigating Long-Term Well-Being Losses
Climate change is intensifying the frequency and severity of weather-related natural disasters. These events generate significant monetary and non-monetary costs, undermining individual and societal ...
(forthcoming in: American Behavioral Scientist, 2025)
J21, I31, G50, C23
17894 Yafei Si
Gang Chen
Zhongliang Zhou
Winnie Yip
Xi Chen
The Impact of Physician-Patient Gender Match on Healthcare Quality: An Experiment in China
There is a lack of understanding of what may drive gender disparities in healthcare utilization and outcomes. We present novel evidence on the impact of physician-patient gender match on healthcare ...
(published in: Social Science & Medicine, 2025, 380, 118166)
I11, I12, I14, J16, J22
17841 C. Monica Capra
Thomas J. Kniesner
Daniel Kahneman’s Underappreciated Last Published Paper: Empirical Implications for Benefit-Cost Analysis and a Chat Session Discussion with Bots
Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman's last published paper is an adversarial collaboration in which he and Matthew Killingsworth reconcile conflicting empirical results from their previous research on ...
(published in: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 2025, 71(1), 29-51)
D12, D61, H23, I31
17837 Samuel Berlinski
Anna Sanz-de-Galdeano
Alba Sóñora-Noya
Gender Gaps in Early Childhood Development in Latin America and the Caribbean
We examine gender gaps in early childhood cognitive and social-behavioral skills across several Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. Our study complements previous research focused on older ...
(published in: Economics and Human Biology, 2025, 57, 101472)
I24, I25, J13, J16
17835 Barry R. Chiswick
RaeAnn Halenda Robinson
Jewish Occupational Attainment in the Antebellum United States: Filling a Gap in the Literature
This paper is concerned with analyzing the occupational attainment of American Jewish men compared to other free men in the mid-19th century to help fill a gap in the literature on Jewish ...
(forthcoming in: Social Science History)
N31, J62, J15
17831 Harriet Duleep
Daniel J. Dowhan
Xingfei Liu
Mark Regets
Robert Gesumaria
A Historical Note on the Assimilation Rates of Foreign-Born Men and Women in the U.S.
Fueling debates about the “quality” of immigrants from economically developing countries, empirical studies based on a well-respected methodology conclude that post-1965 immigrant men have low ...
(forthcoming in: Research in Labor Economics.)
J15, J16, J24, J31, C1
17829 Francisca M. Antman
Sheng Qu
Bruce A. Weinberg
Trevon D. Logan
The Long-Run Impacts of Mentoring Underrepresented Minority Groups in Economics
We conduct a long-run evaluation of one of the oldest professional mentoring programs for underrepresented groups in economics, the American Economic Association Mentoring Program (AEAMP). The AEAMP ...
(published in: AEA Papers and Proceedings, 2025, 115, 522–28.)
J15, I23
17824 Daniel L. Millimet
Travis Whitacre
Partisan Mortality Cycles
Geographic disparities in mortality rates in the US are pronounced and growing. The Black-White mortality gap is volatile but persistent, while the Rich-Poor mortality gap is increasing dramatically. ...
(published in: Journal of Population Economics, 2025, 38, article 73)
I10, I18, J10
17814 Frederik Almar
Benjamin Friedrich
Ana Reynoso
Bastian Schulz
Rune Majlund Vejlin
Educational Ambition, Marital Sorting, and Inequality
This paper revisits the link between education-based marriage market sorting and income inequality. Leveraging Danish administrative data, we develop a novel categorization of “ambition types” that ...
(this paper is a substantially revised version of IZA DP No. 15912, forthcoming in: Journal of Labor Economics )
D13, D31, I24
17810 Tony Fang
Morley Gunderson
John Hartley
Do Top Executive’s Immigration Status and Management Perception of Multiculturalism Matter?
Using data from a largely representative survey of 801 Atlantic Canadian employers, this paper conducts regression analyses to test associations between two diversity variables and five objective and ...
(forthcoming in: Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 2025.)
None
17808 Mike Brewer
Nye Cominetti
Stephen P. Jenkins
What Do We Know About Income and Earnings Volatility?
We first review research about income and earnings volatility and second provide new UK evidence about the latter using high quality administrative record data. The USA stands out as a high ...
(published in: Review of Income and Wealth, 2025, 71 (2), e700132025.)
D31, I31, J31, J38
17786 J. Catherine Maclean
Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia
The Effects of State Paid Sick Leave Mandates on Parental Childcare Time
Unlike most developed countries, the U.S. lacks a federal paid sick leave policy. As a result, many workers must choose between losing earnings and attending to childcare responsibilities. To date, ...
(published in: Journal of Health Economics, 2025, 103, 102033)
I18, J28, J32
17785 Tony Fang
John Hartley
Shanawaz Khan
Making a New Journey: Comparing the Settlement Experiences of Adult and Child Refugees in Atlantic Canada
This article applies the ACL framework (Age at migration, Context/contact opportunities, and Life cycle stage) and uses qualitative interview data to compare the integration of Syrian adult & child ...
(forthcoming in: Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees, 2025)
None
17780 Joan Costa-Font
Anna Nicinska
Melcior Rossello Roig
Equal Before Luck? Well-Being Consequences of Personal Deprivation and Transition
Past trauma resulting from personal life shocks, especially during periods of particular volatility, such as regime transition (or regime change), can give rise to significant long-lasting effects on ...
(published in: Social Science and Medicine, 2025, 376, 117975)
I18, H75, H79
17777 Zhuoer Lin
Yuting Qian
Thomas M. Gill
Xiaohui Hou
Heather Allore
Shanquan Chen
Xi Chen
Absence of Care Among Community-Living Older Persons with Dementia and Disabilities: A Cross-National Analysis of Population Survey from 22 Countries
Assistance with daily activities is crucial for persons living with dementia and disabilities, yet many face significant challenges in accessing adequate care and support. Using harmonized ...
(published in: Nature Aging, 2025, 5, 548–557 )
J14, J18, I11, I18
17773 Wim Naudé
Martin Cameron
Retaliation Against Trump’s Trade War: Why and How the EU Should Find Alternative Export Markets
In retaliating against Trump’s March 2025 imposition of import tariffs on EU aluminum and steel, the EU’s response should be twofold: one, at the EU level, to apply retaliatory tariffs and ...
(published online as 'Trump's Trade War: EU Exports ar Risk and Alternative Markets' in: Global Economy Journal, 2025, )
F10, F13, F1, F17
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